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Galls are abnormal outgrowths of plant or tree tissues and can be caused by various parasites, mostly by insects like gall wasps and gall gnats, but also some bacteria and mites can be the origin.
The gall insects lay their eggs on the leaf surface and at the same time secrete a chemical that causes the cells on the leaf surface to expand and grow over the eggs forming the gall.
The larvae then feed inside the gall until fully grown, completely protected against predators, cold and rain.
Galls are not really spectacular, but some are quite colourful like these Nipple Galls (coming from a gall gnat) growing on Beech leaves.
Fortunately, galls caused by insects are harmless to the tree.
Dutch name : Tepelgal
German name : Nippelgalle
Latin name : Mikiola fagi
what strange-looking galls indeed! and so many of them on just one leaf!! can only echo what's been said before: the light is really beautiful it makes those galls stand out and shine – an eye-opening shot for me! greetings, sabine.
Schon oft gesehen und nie genau gewusst, was es genau ist, danke Mark für Deine Info, und übrigens die Aufnahme ist s u p e r ............
Grüessli Susanne